Energy storage technology is mainly divided into physical energy storage (such as pumping energy storage, compressed air storage, flywheel energy storage, etc.), chemical energy storage (such as lead -acid batteries, oxidative reducing liquid flow batteries, sulfur sulfur batteries, lithium -ion batteries) and Electromagnetic energy storage (such as superconducting electromagnetic energy storage, super capacitor energy storage, etc.). According to the characteristics of various energy storage technologies, the energy storage, superconducting electromagnetic energy storage, and super capacitor storage energy are suitable for providing short -term and larger pulse power occasions, such as the response voltage temporary reduction and instant power outage, increasing user electricity consumption Quality, inhibit the low -frequency oscillation of the power system, improve the stability of the system, etc.; While the energy storage energy storage, compressed air storage and electrochemical battery storage energy are suitable for system peak adjustment, large emergency power supply, renewable energy sources, etc. Application occasions.  
 
At present, the most mature large -scale energy storage method is pumping. It needs to be equipped with two reservoirs in the upstream and downstream. During the period of load trough, pumping storage equipment is in the working state of the motor. The water of the downstream reservoir is pulled into the upstream reservoir to save. When the load peak is peak, the equipment is in the working state of the generator, and the water power generation stored in the upstream reservoir is used. Its energy conversion efficiency is about 70%to 75%. However, due to the factors such as high site selection requirements, long construction cycle, and slow dynamic adjustment response speed, the large -scale promotion and application of energy storage technology of pumping is limited to a certain extent. At present, the total installed capacity of the global pumping energy storage power station is 90 million kilowatts, accounting for about 3%of the global installed capacity.  
 
Compressed air storage is another energy storage method that can realize large -scale industrial applications. Using this energy storage method, the remaining power energy can be used to drive the air compressor during the load of the power grid, sealing the air in high voltage in caves, scrapped mines and expired oil and gas wells; releasing compressed air -borne turbines during the peak of the power grid load. Due to the characteristics of high efficiency, long life, and fast response speed, and high energy conversion efficiency (about 75%), compressed air energy storage technology is one of the energy storage technologies with development potential.